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A coma is an unconscious state of a person in which the functions of almost all sensory organs are impaired. In a coma, inhibition of the higher nervous activity of a person is clearly expressed. The causes of this condition are circulatory disorders of the brain, diabetic or renal coma, liver dysfunction, severe thyroid disease, mushroom or gas poisoning, and so on.

A patient who is in a coma requires careful and regular round-the-clock care. The unconscious state of the patient does not allow to control the processes of his life and life support. The state of health of such a patient is not given control. The favorable prognosis and outcome of the disease will depend on how correctly and skillfully the patient receives care.
Mandatory Care Steps
Be sure to monitor the cleanliness and dryness of linen on the bed of the patient. In order to avoid the appearance of bedsores, you should additionally lay a hygienic oilcloth wrapped in a cloth on the sheet, and every day wipe the problem areas of the patient with camphor alcohol or vodka, and also change linen daily.
If in the appointments the doctor recommended changing the position of the patient's body, then it is necessary to carefully turn it on different sides several times a day. If, on the contrary, the doctor did not allow changing the position of the patient's body, then a special rubber circle wrapped in cotton should be placed under the sacrum. Under each elbow and in the heel area, you also need to put small rubber circles. Such circles (linings) can be purchased at a pharmacy. These actions should not allow bedsores to form in a bedridden patient.

Also, caring for a patient in a coma involves the following mandatory procedures:
- every day it is necessary to treat and moisturize the mouth and nose;
- you should thoroughly wash and dry the patient's skin, especially in intimate places, armpits, in women - in the chest area.
You also need to treat the skin with prophylactic agents for bedsores; - it is necessary to carry out regular monitoring of the excretion of feces and urine from the patient.
If necessary, put cleansing enemas; - to conduct accurate and attentive control and accounting for the introduction of medicines and injections prescribed by the doctor;
The patient's temperature and pulse should also be monitored and recorded.
This information will help the doctor to note changes in the development of the disease in time; - Another important point is to pay attention (if necessary, inform the doctor) about the color of the skin and the state of the patient's breathing.
In addition to the above, the following situations often occur, which also require the care of a patient in a coma:
- in a state of coma, the patient can often experience involuntary vomiting.
To avoid getting vomit into the respiratory tract, you need to turn the patient's head to one side, slightly raising it. After an emetic spasm, the patient's oral cavity should be treated with a sterile napkin; - in order to avoid drying of the mucous membrane of the eyes, it is necessary to put wet swabs on the eyelids of the patient.
This should be done if the patient's eyes are ajar and there is no blink reflex. Nutrition of the comatose patient
Nutrition plays an important role in the treatment of the comatose patient.
If he does not have changes in the ability to swallow food, then it is necessary to carefully feed the patient with high-calorie and easily digestible food, for example, broth, kefir, soft-boiled eggs, pureed soups. It is important to provide the patient with sufficient fluids. If feeding from a spoon or drinking bowl is not possible, feeding should be carried out through a tube.
But this can only be done by a professional nurse or nurse. In any case, it is especially important to follow all the prescriptions and prescriptions of the attending doctor.

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